THE AMERICAN BUREAU 
OF WELDING _ 


THE ADVISORY BOARD ON WELDING 
RESEARCH AND STANDARDIZATION 
OF THE AMERICAN WELDING SO- 
CIETY AND OF THE DIVISION OF 
ENGINEERING OF THE NATIONAL 
RESEARCH COUNCIL 


TABLE OF CONTENTS 


THe NATIONAL RESEARCH COUNCIL AND ITS DIVISION OF 

ENGINEERING ; 2 
THE AMERICAN WELDING SOCIETY AND THE WELDING Or- 

PORTUNITY 4 
THE AMERICAN BUREAU OF WELDING: NEEDS FOR RESEARCH 

AND STANDARDIZATION A ae SN Sask RAO ae RD 6 
ELectric Arc WELDING . 8 
Gas WELDING . 9 
RESISTANCE WELDING 10 
THERMIT WELDING I! 
STANDARD TESTS FOR WELDS . gta Neto R ok eee N a aa Qe 
DEEDING (WIRE SPECIFICATIONS » i oe oe ee eg 
TRAINING OF WELDING OPERATORS . Meee ess pe 
SPECIFICATIONS FOR STEEL TO BE WELDED‘. 15 
WELDING CONFERENCE COMMITTEE . 16 
WELDING OF STORAGE TANKS 17 
WELDED RAIL JOINTs . ; 18 
By-Laws, AMERICAN BUREAU or WELDING . 19 


OFFICERS, AMERICAN BUREAU OF WELDING. . . .. . @I 
MEMBERS, AMERICAN BUREAU OF WELDING. . . .. . 2I 
MEMBERS, RESEARCH COMMITTEES - . . . . . . 22 


W. SPRARAGEN, Secretary 


ENGINEERING SOCIETIES BUILDING 


33 WEST THIRTY-NINTH STREET 
.NEW YORK 


2 THE AMERICAN BUREAU OF WELDING 


THE NATIONAL RESEARCH COUNCIL AND ITS 
DIVISION OF ENGINEERING 


zation of scientific men of America. Its members include, how- 

ever, not only scientific and technical men, but also business 
men interested in engineering and industry. Established under the 
auspices of the National Academy of Sciences, it enjoys coéperation 
of most of the major scientific and technical societies. Its membership 
is largely composed of representatives of forty of these societies. The 
Council was organized in 1916 to coordinate the research facilities of 
the country for work on war problems. In 1918, by executive order 
of the President of the United States, it was reorganized as a per- 
manent body for the promotion of scientific research and of the appli- 
cation and dissemination of scientific knowledge for the benefit of the 
national strength and well-being. 

Financial support for the administrative work of the Council is 
assured by a gift of $5,000,000, made by the Carnegie Corporation 
in December, 1919. For the support of specific scientific projects the 
Council relies on special gifts. 

National Research Council, while clearly recognizing the unique 
value of individual work, hopes especially to bring together scattered 
work and workers, and to assist in codrdinating scientific attack in 
America on large problems, especially those which depend for suc- 
cessful solution on the codperation of several or many workers and 
laboratories either within the realm of a single science or in different 
realms in which various parts of a single problem may lie. 

The Division of Engineering, one of the thirteen Divisions of the 
Council, aims to carry out the general purpose of the National Re- 
search Council in the field of engineering by stimulating research and 
coordinating the work of existing agencies. It seeks to minimize dupli- 
cation, concentrate effort and stimulate progress, but not in any case 
to dictate the procedure in its coOperative program or discourage in- 
dividual initiative. 

The Division is made up largely of representatives appointed by 
engineering societies and members-at-large appointed because of their 
special fitness. [The membership includes fifteen past presidents of 
engineering societies, high officials of governmental departments and 
leaders in industry. 

Work in each broad field is carried out through a general advisory 
committee, made up of experts representative of the interested organi- 
zations, scientific, engineering and industrial. ‘This advisory com- 


IN ‘eton of « RESEARCH COUNCIL is a co6éperative organi- 


669.113 
Aw Aan 


THE AMERICAN BUREAU OF WELDING 3 


mittee, with the assistance of the administrative officers of the Divi- 
sion, selects specific problems for research or other consideration, plans 
modes of attack, finds men and means for carrying out the plans, co- 
Ordinates the work of individuals, universities, industries and other 
agencies, and in general stimulates research on the problems selected. 
Work on each problem is conducted under the supervision of a special 
research committee led by a chairman who is a recognized expert. 
Modes of handling problems differ according to their nature, the 
facilities available, the geographic distribution of the members and 
the support tendered by the industries. Results are published in the 
journal of the engineering society most vitally interested. Support 
for specific researches must in general come from interested industries. 
Contributions in some cases are in the form of part-time services of 
staff engineers, laboratory facilities or material needed for the in- 
vestigations. 


4 THE AMERICAN BUREAU OF WELDING 


THE AMERICAN WELDING SOCIETY AND THE 
WELDING OPPORTUNITY 


ELDING is now recognized as one of the greatest aids in the 

construction and repair of metal structures and parts. Its 

field of application is almost universal in extent. ‘The mat- 
ter of fastening two pieces of metal together is one of the funda- 
mental problems of mechanical engineering, since all machines and 
metal structures are made up merely of so many pieces of metal 
fastened together. As a general proposition the riveted or bolted 
joint has a tensile strength considerably less than the original piece, 
whereas the welded joint may be made as strong as the original sec- 
tion. Moreover, a welded joint is oil- and water-tight up to its break- 
ing point, while riveted and caulked joints leak badly at as low as 25 
per cent. of their ultimate strength. Considerable economy will also 
result in time, labor and material in correctly designed welded struc- 
tures. In the past the wearing of a fraction of a cubic inch of metal 
from one of the wearing surfaces of a steel part made it necessary to 
scrap the part with a consequent loss of the labor investment. It was 
only with the introduction of the autogeneous welding processes that 
it became possible to stop this economic waste. The repair of broken 
members of a machine has been another important engineering achieve- 
ment made possible by the electric, gas and thermit processes. 

The American Welding Society is organized to provide united and 
cooperative action in extending the knowledge of the art of welding 
and its field of industrial application. ‘The field for further applica- 
tion of welding is enormous, and progress in it is being delayed only 
by incomplete knowledge and by the confusing and opposing claims 
of competing interests. The opportunity for increased use of weld- 
ing divides itself into two fields. The first covers all ordinary work 
where the weld does not carry the main burden of the structure. This 
field awaits only the desires of the manufacturers for its development. 
Already it has been introduced into a great variety of industries, but 
it is obvious to the most casual observer that its use might be enor- 
mously extended with economy. ‘The second field includes the joints 
that become the strength members of a structure, and must therefore 
be subject to calculation. It is a noteworthy fact that welding is 
already used successfully for important work in this field, the cases 
being those in which the work cannot well be done otherwise. But to 
secure its general introduction in this class of work much investiga- 
tion is necessary. Through the American Bureau of Welding, which 
is an advisory committee of the American Welding Society and con- 


THE AMERICAN BUREAU OF WELDING 5 


cerns itself with Research and Standardization, these investigations 
will be made in a manner to eliminate duplication and waste and secure 
results at a minimum cost to the industry. 

The American Welding Society acts as a clearing house for in- 
formation. Through papers and monthly meetings of local Sections 
of the Society an opportunity is created for the individual manufac- 
turer, engineer, plant superintendent, foreman, operator, etc., to con- 
tribute his own knowledge in welding and at the same time receive 
the benefit of the combined knowledge and experience of all other 
members of the Society. 

Special publications, in addition to the regular monthly proceedings 
and news circular, are issued from time to time giving results of re- 
searches, standardization work and other information of value to the 
members. 


6 THE AMERICAN BUREAU OF WELDING 


AMERICAN BUREAU OF WELDING 
NEEDS FOR RESEARCH AND STANDARDIZATION. 


welding have been known and used in repair work in the 

railroad shops and other places for a number of years, weld- 
ing was up to a few years ago essentially an art, dependent for its 
success chiefly upon the skill of the operator. As is always true of 
the technique of a new art, there is no definite agreement as to the 
best methods of procedure. Moreover, the recommendations of a 
number of experts are sometimes actually contradictory even in in- 
stances where there is no commercial competition. ‘There is hardly 
any field of development in our industries today which needs as much 
real sound fundamental research as welding. ‘The problem is very 
complex from the metallurgical as well as from the mechanical stand- 
point and requires the most expert talent available. It is one thing 
to obtain a result and quite a different thing to know the reason why 
the result was obtained. Satisfactory results have been obtained in 
the welding field in the majority of cases, but when failures have 
occurred, the reason why was not always known. The amount of 
work to be done in order to place welding on a sound foundation is 
enormous, and the only way it can be done effectively and within a 
reasonable time is by the hearty codperation of all interested bodies. 

To bring about this codrdination of effort there was organized by 
the American Welding Society and the Division of Engineering of 
the National Research Council an Advisory Committee on welding 
research and standardization known as the American Bureau of Weld- 
ing. 

The Bureau consists of twelve representatives appointed by the 
American Welding Society, two each from each local Section of that 
society and one each from some twenty other interested scientific, engi- 
neering and classification societies and government bureaus. In addi- 
tion certain members-at-large are appointed because of special fitness. 

Corresponding to other general advisory committees of the Divi- 
sion of Engineering in each broad field, the functions of the Bureau 
arcs 


LTHOUGH the electric, the gas and the thermit processes of 


(a) To act as the clearing house, steering committee and coordinating agency 
for research work in the welding field. 


(b) To select the most promising and feasible researches and to organize the 
corresponding research committees. 


(c) To consider ways and means for the conduct of these researches. 
(d) To deal with all questions of publicity. 


THE AMERICAN BUREAU OF WELDING 7 


(e) To serve as the connecting link between the Division of Engineering and 
the American Welding Society; to report regularly to the Society and 
to develop and maintain a really live interest on the part of the Society. 


(f) To serve as the connecting link between the Division of Engineering and 
the Welding Industry. 


(g) To aid in stimulating research in and by the welding industry, whether 
this. be by individual corporations or cooperatively by groups of cor- 
porations. 


Eleven research committees have been created, plans of activities 
have been outlined and actual work started. In most cases the com- 
mittees have given a leading place in their program to the prepara- 
tion of critical summaries of existing knowledge on the most important 
phases of the work in their field. ‘These summaries will serve the two- 
fold purpose of giving the industry a concise statement of the best 
existing information and enabling the committee to draw up a care- 
ful program of needed research. 

Apart from the specific research results, the American Bureau of 
Welding is beginning to fill a long felt need for an unbiased authority 
on the many questions arising in connection with this new art. Of 
these questions some refer to regulatory and safety legislation, some 
to the training of welders and some to the technique of welding. 
Answers must be based upon the fundamental scientific facts. Deter- 
mination of these facts and the reduction of the art to a sound prac- 
tical and scientific basis is a chief function of the Bureau. Before 
general confidence in welding can be established, particularly in fields 
where strength is necessary, its dependability must be satisfactorily 
demonstrated. The problems of proper welding procedure and train- 
ing of operators to obtain uniformly sound welds must be solved before 
such extension in the use of welding can take place. Ordinary evolu- 
tion of the art would take many years with a resulting loss of millions 
of dollars to the nation and world. 


8 THE AMERICAN BUREAU OF WELDING 


ELECTRIC ARC WELDING 
H. M. Hopsart, Chairman 


scale, there is room for a wide margin of improvement over 

the present average quality. Considerable research work is 
necessary, however, to bring about this improvement and to extend 
the use of electric arc welding to places where it is particularly appro- 
priate. Some of the problems needing investigation are proper amount 
and kind of current, proper size and composition of electrodes for dif- 
ferent thicknesses of plates and for different grades of steel and cast 
iron, physics of the transference of the metal across the arc, proper 
method of preparing welding edges and setting up work preparatory 
to welding, style of joint, number of layers, etc. 

The extension of the use of arc welding will without doubt be con- 
siderably increased with the solution of the fundamental problem of 
properly welding a long seam. The successful welding of a long seam 
is entirely different from making a weld of short length. Due to the 
continuous contraction of the cooling metal as the weld progresses 
and the rigidity of the finished portion, stresses of an unknown mag- 
nitude are introduced in the welds. In order to successfully design 
welded structures and to establish confidence in welding it is neces- 
sary to know how these stresses can be minimized and also to have 
some approximate quantitative knowledge of their magnitude in 
pounds per square inch. A number of methods have been proposed 
but the scientific data existing on this important problem is seriously 
inadequate. | 

The activities of the committee have been chiefly directed into two 
channels, namely, that of stimulating papers and preparing critical 
summaries embodying detailed information of the best existing knowl- 
edge of various subjects relating to arc welding. Considerable prog- 
ress has been made in the summary of cast iron welding and a tenta- 
tive program of research to secure further data has been outlined and 
the work commenced. Material has also been secured for the sum- 
mary on the welding of thin metals. ‘This data comprises speeds and 
current with the use of bare electrodes with automatic and manual 
feed, with the carbon arc, and with covered electrodes. Other sub- 
committees are at work on the standardization of arc welding appa- 
ratus, electric arc welding in ship construction, physics of the arc and 
locked-up stresses. 


N scale, ther excellent arc welding is being done on a large 


THE AMERICAN BUREAU OF WELDING 9 


GAS WELDING 
S. W. MILLER, Chairman 


LTHOUGH a great deal of information is available relative 
A to the practical applications of gas welding, yet if the art is 
to progress as rapidly as it should, it will be necessary to study 
many of the fundamental problems in a scientific manner. As in all 
other processes the cut and try methods that have been previously used 
are wasteful, although they have produced some valuable results. 
Some of the fundamental problems that will be investigated by the 
Committee are effect of different styles of joints, angles of bevel, size 
of tip, adding metal in different ways and orders, expansion, contrac- 
tion and preheating. Investigations will also be conducted to deter- 
mine the proper methods of welding long seams and to secure data on 
the speed of oxy-acetylene welding. 

This Committee is closely codperating in the work of other com- 
mittees on those problems in which it is vitally interested and with 
which its work is intimately associated as, for example, the Committees 
on Welding Wire Specifications, Steel to be Welded and Training of 
Welding Operators. 

Progress has been made in drawing up summaries for welding pipes 
and cast iron. A vast amount of data and experience is available on 
welding of pipes, but no attempt has been made to correlate this in- 
formation and put it in form that is conveniently useful to the indus- 
try. A summary on cast iron is being prepared in codperation with 
Electric Arc and Thermit Welding Committees. 


10 THE AMERICAN BUREAU OF WELDING 


RESISTANCE WELDING 
H. Lemp, Chairman 


of welding, there are a number of fundamental problems that 
still remain to be solved. Very recently the limits formerly 
regarded as the maximum thickness at which plates could be satis- 
factorily welded by the “‘seam method” have been surpassed. The 
same progress has been made in the extension of the use of spot weld- 
ing. New applications are coming up which require fundamental 
scientific knowledge of the variables that enter into the successful 
execution of a resistance weld. Some of these variables are time, 
current, pressure, methods of clamping (particularly where parts to 
be welded have different specific heats and melting points). Research 
work is also needed in the development of the machines themselves. 
Sub-committees have been appointed to formulate plans for stand- 
ardization of nomenclature, rating of welding transformers and units 
of energy for welding, and preparing critical summaries of the art 
as its exists today. In order to carry out this work the field of resis- 
tance welding was divided under five sub-divisions : 


(1) Butt Welding. 
(2) Seam Welding. 
(3) Spot Welding. 
(4) Percussive Welding. 


(5) Direct resistance method of heating for the purposes of (a) annealing, 
(b) hardening, (c) brazing, (d) heating of rivets. 


A LTHOUGH this is one of the oldest and most reliable processe 


Considerable progress has been made on the standardization of the 
welding transformers which will prove equitable to the manufacturer, 
user and central station man. This standardization work is being car- 
ried out in close conjunction with A. I. E. E. Standards Committee 
and will be made to fit in with their other standards. A critical sum- 
mary on butt welding will soon be finished and ready for publication. 
Progress has also been made on the summaries relating to seam, spot 
and percussive welding. 


THE AMERICAN BUREAU OF WELDING II 


THERMIT WELDING 
J. H. Deppeler 


ESEARCH work on Thermit Welding is being conducted con- 
tinually by the Metal and Thermit Corporation and will be 
extended in those directions found necessary by the needs of the 

industry. The efforts of the Committee will be confined largely to 
solving technical problems, supplying information needed by other 
committees, and bringing up any problems needing further research. 
Investigations recently conducted cover: 


(1) The extraneous materials used in the making of a thermit weld and their 
effect on soundness. 


(2) The dimensions of the gap cut from the section to be welded, the dimen- 
sions and proportions of the reinforcing collars and the effect of varia- 
Bone of these on the physical qualities, including tensile strength of the 
weld. 


(3) The effect on the tensile strengths, ductility, resistance to shock and 
fatigue of variations in the chemical analysis of the steel resulting from 
the thermit reaction. 


In the past the principal difficulty encountered in Thermit Welding 
was blow holes. Various methods for eliminating the entrapped air 
were tried out, including methods of pouring and various moulding 
materials. ‘This has resulted in the use of a molding material con- 
sisting of a high grade silica sand of suitable mesh, ground together 
with a minimum of that plastic clay which in tests at the Bureau of 
Standards showed the highest fusion point. In the series of hundreds 
of test welds and actual welding operations it has been proven that this 
moulding material eliminates the defect known as blow-holes and at 
the same time give a remarkably smooth and clean exterior to the 
welds. 

At present researches are being conducted along lines tending to 
further improve the present high standard of the physical qualities of 
thermit steel, such as tensile strength, ductility, and resistance to shock 
and fatigue. So far, tensile strengths considerably over 100,000 lbs. 
per square inch have been obtained in unworked and unheat-treated 
thermit steel, but here certain other properties were lacking. Others 
testing invariably over 80,000 lbs. with good ductility and other. 
properties have been made, and it is thought that within a few months 
definite results can be announced. 


12 THE AMERICAN BUREAU OF WELDING 


STANDARD TESTS FOR WELDS 
F. M. FARMER, Chairman 


TANDARDIZATION of the procedure in making a test of any 
S kind is obviously necessary before results obtained by different 
observers can be compared. 

The chief difference between testing a specimen of steel that in- 
cluded a welded joint and testing an ordinary specimen is the non- 
homogeneity of the welded specimen. ‘The welded specimen has at 
its center a section composed of material that usually has physical, 
chemical and metallurgical characteristics distinctly different from the 
adjoining metal. Furthermore, the section of the added metal is 
more or less irregular in shape and variable in size. Consequently 
the procedure prescribed for testing ordinary specimens is not appli- 
cable to specimens containing welded joints. 

Differences in details of procedure have caused widely divergent 
results and comparisons are frequently impossible, consequently the 
usefulness of much of the research work as recorded is restricted and 
in many cases the statement of results are actually misleading. 

The Committee has drawn up specifications for the standard tests 
of welds, comprising— 


(a) Shop Standard: A simple standard test for such purposes as checking 
the work of a welder, testing a new lot of welding wire, and testing the 
effect of some change in conditions. 


(b) Commercial Standard: For cases where more than one kind of test 
should be made but where the circumstances do not justify a complete 
investigation. 


(c) Research Standard: When a complete investigation of a weld is to be 
made for research or other purposes, all tests and examinations are made 
which will contribute any information in regard to the characteristics of 
the weld. 


These specifications have been published in the Proceedings of the 
American Welding Society and also in Bulletin form. They will be 
modified at the end of twelve months if found desirable. 

The Committee expects to consider the feasibility of standardizing 
methods of making test welds by the automatic machine where it is 
desired to eliminate the variables due to the human element. ‘The 
problem of devising satisfactory standards for testing welds in finished 
structures will also be considered by the Committee. Some informa- 
tion is already available on the subject. 


THE AMERICAN BUREAU OF WELDING 13 


WELDING WIRE SPECIFICATIONS 
C. A. McCune, Chairman 


HERE is urgent need for specifications for both gas and elec- 

tric arc welding wire. Several years ago a notion prevailed 

that almost any fence wire was good enough for welding. ‘The 
chemical analysis of the deposited metal for a great variety of elec- 
trodes reveals the fact that the most of the elements alloyed with the 
iron in the electrode are burned out in traversing the arc, leaving a 
much more uniform deposit from the viewpoint of a chemical analysis 
than the wide variation of the chemical composition of the different 
types of electrodes would lead one to expect. There are some experts 
and metallurgists who will claim that the method of manufacture 
has a great deal to do in determining a good electrode. Variation in 
chemical Composition promises to be a more important factor in gas 
welding rods than in electrodes for metal arc welding. While chemi- 
cal composition undoubtedly has its effect on penetration and work- 
ability in electric arc welding, yet wide variations of the strength of 
an electric arc weld cannot, from our present knowledge, be attributed 
to chemical composition alone. On the other hand, a number of ex- 
perts are of the opinion that the chemical composition of a gas weld- 
ing rod has a decided influence on the strength and ductility of the 
resulting weld. 

During the greater part of the past year this Committee has been 
actively engaged in collecting data as to the chemical analysis of weld- 
ing wire used for both gas and electric welding in railroads, shipyards 
and general industries and service results obtained from the use of 
such wire. This data has now been compiled and includes non-ferrous 
metals used in gas welding. It will be issued in the form of a folio, 
setting forth the Committee’s findings as a guide for the selection 
of various classes of welding material. The folio is not to be de- 
veloped into specifications until sufficient knowledge is at hand to 
warrant the preparation of definite specifications. 

Specifications have already been completed for Bare Wire to be 
used in welding mild steel for both the gas and electric welding proc- 
esses. A special bulletin will be issued in connection with the above- 
mentioned folio on Coated Electrodes, found to be successful for 
various welding purposes, with particular reference to the welding 
of high carbon metals, and for the building up of worn surfaces where 
great resistance to abrasive wear is desired. 


14 THE AMERICAN BUREAU OF WELDING 


TRAINING OF WELDING OPERATORS 
W. SPRARAGEN, Chairman 


HE importance of the training of operators for both gas and 

electric welding cannot be overestimated. A large number of 

welding experts regard it as by far the most important prob- 
lem. Widely different ideas as to the proper procedure to follow in 
the training of welding operators prevail even among experts. No 
agreement exists as to what the training should include or the time 
required for the training. Some say that the rudiments of a tech- 
nical education is necessary, while others stoutly maintain that the 
operator should only be trained in the correct manipulation of the 
electrode or torch. In nearly every case where welding has been 
condemned or where severe legislation has been enacted to restrict its 
use the case can be traced directly to poor welds made by unqualified 
operators. 

A questionnaire has been sent out to a number of welding schools, 
railroads, shipyards and manufacturing plants asking for detailed 
information relative to the methods used by them in the training of 
operators. ‘The data will be used in compiling a bulletin. Some of 
the elements that will be considered in this bulletin will be welding 
opportunities; prerequisites for welding operators; general descrip- 
tions of methods of training, duration of course, equipment, protec- 
tion of operators and nomenclature; elementary information on gas 
and electric welding; set of simple lessons and short bibliography. 

Efforts for the present are being confined to drawing up a set of 
questions which will enable an instructor to obtain a preliminary in- 
dication as to whether the prospective student has the necessary quali- 
fications for becoming a good operator. Classification of typical weld- 
ing jobs to gradually increase the proficiency of new operators will be 
undertaken and also the standardization of a system or systems of 
determining the skill of an operator. The ultimate object is to draw 
up a standard course for the training of welders which will meet the 
needs of the entire industry, varying from those of the manufacturer 
who is interested in one particular production job to those of the 
shipyard and railroad who are training men for all classes of work. 


1 


THE AMERICAN BUREAU OF WELDING 15 


SPECIFICATIONS FOR STEEL TO BE WELDED 
W. J. Beck, Chairman 


quality of the base metal has a decided bearing on the properties 

of the resulting weld. The A. S. T. M. has a number of specifi- 
cations covering steel plates in various uses such as locomotive boilers, 
fire boxes, cars, ships, bridges and buildings. These specifications 
are alike in construction except for very minor details, and although 
they do not refer to welding, nearly all of the plates furnished to these 
specifications are being commercially welded. Much thought has 
been given lately to the necessity for having specifications of steel 
to be used for welding purposes. In the preparation of such specifi- 
cations it is desired to adhere as closely as possible to similar existing 
specifications of the A. S. T. M., which are practically universally 
recognized. 

Different chemical compositions, notably carbon content, will un- 
doubtedly require different welding procedure. For instance, several 
authorities maintain that plates having over 0.35 carbon should not 
be welded where strength of the welding is an important factor. Uni- 
formity of plates is also a subject which merits attention. In the 
rolling process from the ingot slabs or bars, variations in the physical 
properties of the plates will be found depending upon the method 
and type of mill used for rolling and the finishing temperature of the 
plate in rolling. These factors are again affected by the chemical 
analysis as above stated. Other important variables are phosphorous, 
sulphur, manganese and silicon. 

At the next meeting of this Committee a definite plan of tests will 
be formulated to determine the effect of these important factors. 


|’ is now a recognized fact that the chemical composition and 


16 THE AMERICAN BUREAU OF WELDING 


WELDING CONFERENCE COMMITTEE 
A. S. KInsEy, Chairman 


the A. S. M. E. to confer with their Boiler Code Committee 

in drawing up regulations regarding the use of welding in the 
construction of pressure vessels. The proposed regulation of the 
Boiler Code Committee places some severe restrictions on the use of 
welding for unfired pressure vessels. ‘Through the joint efforts of 
the Boiler Code Committee and the American Bureau of Welding 
sub-committees, specifications will be drawn up in regard to the use 
of welding in the manufacture of pressure vessels which will have 
the proper requisites for safety without placing unjust restriction on 
the uses of welding in such constructions. 

Program (a). The Committee through the aid of questionnaires 
has obtained a large amount of detailed information on all of the 
elements which have entered into the successful welding of pressure 
vessels in the past. This information was instrumental in convinc- 
ing the Welding Committees of the A. S. M. E. of the undisputed 
possibilities of welding in connection with the construction of pressure 
vessels. 

(b) ‘Through a series of test samples, which are being welded 
both by gas and electric processes at a number of places, the Commit- 
tee hopes to demonstrate the feasibility of using welding under proper 
procedure in the construction of pressure vessels with entire safety 
beyond the restriction now placed on such use by the Boiler Code 
Committee. ‘These investigations will be extended to destructive tests 
of full size vessels. 

(c) This Committee is also assisting the Boiler Code Committee 
in drawing up specifications for the construction of pressure vessels 
insofar as it relates to welding. Considerable progress has already 
been made. 


r \HE committee was organized at the request of the Council of 


THE AMERICAN BUREAU OF WELDING 17 


WELDING OF STORAGE TANKS 
J. C. Lincoin, Chairman 


HIS Committee was organized to meet the requests for infor- 

mation from the Standard Oil Company as to the proper pro- 

cedure for welding storage tanks for holding light oils. Con- 
siderable difficulty has been experienced in the riveted tank because 
a structures in practice do not prove to be “oil tight’”’ for the lighter 
oils. 

The result of this application of Welding promises not only a 
cheaper but also a better storage tank and will open up a new and 
large field to which welding is particularly adapted. Several small 
tanks have already been built successfully in this way, although the 
designs were not specially adapted to welding. 

Specifications for the electric welding of a tank forty to fifty feet 
in diameter and twenty-five feet high have been completed. Sub- 
committees for doing this work by oxy-acetylene and by resistance 
welding have also been appointed. It is expected that another meet- 
ing of the Committee will enable it to complete these specifications. 
The Standard Oil Company has agreed to construct one of these tanks 
by welding. 


18 THE AMERICAN BUREAU OF WELDING 


WELDED RAIL JOINTS 
G. K. BurGess, Chairman 
E. M. T. Ryper, Vice-Chairman 


mittee on Way matters has initiated the formation of a Com- 

mittee on Welded Rail Joints for the purpose of having an 
authoritative investigation made of the various types of welded rail 
joints now in commercial use. The American Bureau of Welding as 
the co-ordinating agency in the general field of welding research and 
standardization has undertaken to organize this committee. 

Welding is being very widely used in making street railway joints 
and more or less trouble has been experienced in all types of welded 
joints from breakage. Little or no scientific data exists as to the 
correct procedure to be followed in making welds by the various 
processes. Several of the larger companies are spending many thov- 
sands of dollars per year on such joints. 

A preliminary organization meeting was held on June gth at the 
office of Director C. A. Adams and a plan for the organization and 
conduct of the work was outlined. 

The present plans are to organize a relatively large committee, 
including representatives of users, consumers and also the best tech- 
nical experts in the field. A number of replies accepting membership 
have already been received from the larger railway companies. As 
soon as the organization of the committee is completed a meeting will 
be called to consider the following points: 


y VHE American Electric Railway Association through its Com- 


(a) Preparation of a bibliography and critical summary of our present knowl- 
edge, including the gathering together of all available experience in this 
field. 


(b) Consideration of the results of (a) and the laying out of specific experi- 


ments to be performed. 


(c) The assigning of each of these experiments of researches to an appro- 
priate laboratory or in the case of field experiments to one or more 
appropriate operating companies. These assignments would, of course, 
cover the men under whom these specific experiments will be conducted. 


Hie 


"> 


THE AMERICAN BUREAU OF WELDING 19 


By-Laws 
AMERICAN BUREAU OF WELDING 
ARTICLE I 


Name 
The name of this organization shall be the AMERICAN BUREAU OF 


ARTICLE IT 
Functions of the Bureau 


WELDING. 


(1) To act as an advisory body to the American Welding Society and to the 
Engineering Division of the National Research Council on matters pertaining to 


welding research. 


(2) To act as a coordinating body in welding research and standardization. 
(3) To advance the science and art of welding by stimulation of welding re- 


search and standardization. 


(4) To do all other things incidental or conducive to the above-named objects. 


ARTIGUEMINT 
Membership 


The membership shall consist of— 


(a) Twelve representatives appointed by the American Welding Society 
(selected by the Board of Directors of that Society) for their special fitness and 


interest in welding research. 


(b) Two representatives from each Section of the American Welding Society, 
one from each Section to be a representative of the Research Committee of such 
Section and the other to be appointed by the Section to serve on the Ways and 


Means Committee of the Bureau. 


(c) One representative or, upon vote of the Executive Committee, two repre- 
sentatives from each of the following Scientific Societies and Governmental De- 
ments and other interested organizations accepting the invitation to become 


members. 


American Bureau of Shipping. 

American Chemical Society. 

American Electrochemical Society. 

American Engineering Standards Commit- 
tee. 

American Institute of Electrical 
neers. 

American Institute of Mining Engineers. 

American Physical Society. 

American Railway Association. 

American Society of Civil Engineers. 

American Society of Mechanical Engi- 
neers. 

American Society of Refrigerating Engi- 
neers. 

American Society for Testing Materials. 


Engi- 


Bureau Veritas. 

Engineering Foundation. 

Lloyd’s Register of Shipping. 

National Fire Protection Association. 

National Research Council. 

New York Academy of Sciences. 

Society of Automotive Engineers, Inc. 

Society of Naval Architects and Marine 
Engineers. 

United States Department of Commerce, 
Bureau of Standards. 

United States Navy Department. 

United States Shipping Board. 

United States War Department. 

The Federal Board of Vocational Train- 
ing. 


Additional Scientific Societies and Governmental Departments may be in- 
vited to appoint representatives to become members upon the approval of the 


Executive Committee. 


(d) Certain members-at-large chosen because of their ability to advance the 
work of the Bureau. These appointments are to be made by the Executive Com- 
mittee and shall not at any one time exceed twelve. 


ARTICLE IV 


There shall be no annual or other dues. 
shall be secured by voluntary contributions. 


Funds for the work of the Bureau 
The solicitation of such funds shall 


conform to the regulations of the National Research Council and of the American 


Welding Society. 


20 THE AMERICAN BUREAU OF WELDING 


ARTICLE V 
Officers, Nominations and Elections 


Section 1. The Officers of the Bureau shall be as follows: A Director, two 
Vice-Directors, a Secretary and a Treasurer. 

Section 2. At the first meeting of the American Bureau of Welding the 
officers shall be elected by a majority vote of those present and voting, the 
nominating therefor being made by a committee of five appointed by the Chair. 
The officers so chosen shall hold office from the date of their election until 
the next following annual meeting of the Bureau and until their successors shall 
be elected and qualified. 

Section 3. At each annual meeting an election shall be held to select officers 
of the Bureau for the ensuing year. The officers so chosen shall hold office 
until the next following annual meeting and until their successors shall be 
elected and qualified. Any officer shall be eligible for immediate re-election. 

Section 4. An interim vacancy among the officers shall be elected by a 
majority of the members voting by letter ballot, the nominations therefor being 
made by any ten members in writing to the Secretary at least twenty days 
prior to the call for said letter ballot. 


ARTICLE VI 
Duties of Officers 


Section 1. The Director shall have general supervision of the affairs of the 
Bureau subject to its direction. He shall preside at its meetings and shall be 
ex-officio a member of all committees. 

Section 2. In the absence of the Director, a Vice-Director shall preside at 
meetings of the Bureau and otherwise perform the duties of the Director. 

Section 3. The Secretary and Treasurer shall perform the duties usually 
appertaining to those officers in similar organizations. 


ARTICLE VII 
Committees 


Section 1. The Director shall appoint an Executive Committee, which shall 
have such power as the Bureau may delegate to it from time to time. In general 
it will be the function of the Executive Committee to conduct the ordinary busi- 
ness of the Bureau. 

Section 2. The Director shall appoint a Ways and Means Committee to 
devise ways and means for conducting the work of the Bureau. 

Section 3. The Bureau shall create from time to time research committees, 
the Chairmen of which shall be appointed by the Executive Committee. The 
Chairmen of the several committees so created shall appoint the individual mem- 
bers thereof, subject to the approval of the Executive Committee, to the approval 
y peas Welding Society and to the approval of the National Research 

ouncil. 


ARTICLE VIII 
Meetings and Notices 

Section 1. There shall be an annual meeting of the Bureau to be held on 
the same day as that of the annual meeting of the American Welding Society. 

Section 2. Meetings of the Bureau shall take place at the call of the Director. 

Section 3. Notices of all meetings of the Bureau shall be mailed to the mem- 
bers at least two weeks prior to the time of such meetings, except as otherwise 
provided in these By-Laws, and shall state the time and place of the meeting 
and the principal business to come before it. 

Section 4, Fifteen members shall constitute a quorum. 


ARTICLL LA 
Voting by Proxies 
Section 1. Voting by proxy shall not be allowed at any meeting of the 
Bureau or of any of its committees, except by a personal representative not 
otherwise entitled to vote. 


ay 


THE AMERICAN BUREAU OF WELDING 21 
ARTICLE X 
Publications 


Publications of the Bureau in the form of papers will in general be printed 
in the Proceedings of the American Welding Society. The Executive Commit- 
tee shall have the authority to pass on all matters relating to publicity and pub- 
lications of the Bureau and its committees. 


ARTICLE XI 
Parliamentary Rules 
Section 1. Roberts’ Rules of order shall be the governing parliamentary law 
of the Bureau in all cases not definitely provided by its By-Laws or its own rules. 
ARTICLE XII 
Amendments 


Section 1. These By-Laws may be amended, repealed or added to by a 
majority vote of the members of the Bureau present at any regular meeting 
or at any special meeting duly called for that purpose. 

Section 2. All proposed amendments, repeals or additions to the By-Laws 
shall be presented to the Secretary in writing at least thirty days prior to the 
regular or special meeting at which it is desired the same should be considered, 
and the Secretary shall send a notice which shall contain a copy of such pro- 
posal to the members of the Bureau at least ten days prior to such meeting. 


AMERICAN BUREAU OF WELDING 


OFFICERS 


C. A. Adams, Director A. S. Kinsey, 2nd Vice-Director 
H. M. Hobart, 1st Vice-Director Wm. Spraragen, Secretary 


DIVISION OF ENGINEERING, NATIONAL RESEARCH 
COUNCIL 


OFFICERS 


A. D. Flinn, Chairman Wm. Spraragen, Secretary 
G. H. Clevenger, Vice-Chairman 


AMERICAN WELDING SOCIETY 


OFFICERS 
S. W. Miller, President C. A. McCune, 2nd Vice-President 
J. W. Owens, ist Vice-President M. M. Kelly, Acting Secretary 
MEMBERS 
Representatives of American Welding Society: 

Cc. A. Adams, Harvard University. H. M. Hobart, General Eletric Com- 
W. J. Beck, American Rolling Mill pany 

Company A Bs "Kinsey, Stevens Institute of 
Jd; H. Deppeler, Metal & Thermit Cor- Technology. 

poration C. J. Nyquist, Carbic Manufacturing 
M. K. Dunham, The Bastian-Blessing Company. 

Company. Walcott Remington, Thompson Elec- 
O. H. Eschholz, Westinghouse Electric tric Welding Company. 

& Manufacturing Company. H. S. Smith, Prest-O-Lite Company. 
F, M. Farmer, Electrical Testing Lab- H. R. Swartley, Jr., Davis Bournon- 

oratories. ville Co. 

Representatives of American Welding Society Sections: 

Pittsburgh—O. H. Eschholz, Westing- York Shipbuilding Corporation; S. G. 

house Electric & Mfg. Co.; J. A. Child, Baldwin Locomotive Works. 

Warfel, Air Reduction Sales Com- Northern New York—P. O. Noble, 


pany. General BHlectric Company; R. BE, 
Philadelphia—W. T. Bonner, New Wagner, General Electric Company. 


22 


THE AMERICAN BUREAU OF WELDING 


Representatives of Other Scientific Societies and Governmental Departments: 


Alexander Churchward, Society of Au- 
tomotive Engineers. 

G. H. Clevenger, National Research 
Council, Engineering Division. 

L. H. Davis, American Society of Civil 
Engineers. 

Louis Doelling, American Society of 
Refrigerating Engineers. 

F. L. Fairbanks, American Society of 
Mechanical Engineers. 

F. M. Farmer, American Society for 
Testing Materials. 

James French, Lloyd’s Register of 
Shipping. 

ae Jacobus, Engineering Founda- 
ion. 

John Martin, 
Shipping. 


American Bureau of 


W. L. Merrill, American Institute of - 


Electrical Engineers. 


Members 
Ww. M. Beacd: Linde Air Products Com- 
pany.. 
A. EF. Jenkins, Alexander Milburn 
Company. 


H. G. Knox, Winchester Repeating 
Arms Co. 

Hermann Lemp, General Electric Com- 
pany. 


S. W. Miller, American Electro-Chem- 
ical Society. 

A. C. Morrison, New York Academy of 
Sciences. 
. M. T. Ryder, American Electric 
Railway Association. 

A. ise Slocum, American Physical So- 
cie 

Hers yea hine: Bureaus Veritas. 

G. C. Stone, American Engineering 
Standards Committee. 

B. Stoughton, American Institute of 
Mining & Metallurgical Engineers. 

W. W. Webster, Commander (CC) U. 
S. N., Bureaus of Ordnance and 
Construction & Repairs. 

H. L. Whittemore, Bureau of Stand- 
ards, U. S. Department of Com- 


merce. 
J. Cc. Wright, Federal Board of Voca- 
tional Hducation. 


at Large: 


J. C. Lincoln, Lincoln Electric Com- 
pany 

Cia A. “McCune, Page Steel & Wire 
Company. 


Victor Mauck, aha Wood Manufac- 
turing Compan 

J. W. Owens, PNoyfolk Navy Yard. 

H. I. Walsh, Newport News Shipbuild- 
ing & Dry Dock Company. 


AMERICAN BUREAU OF WELDING 
RESEARCH COMMITTEES 
Electric Arc Welding: 


. M. Hobart, Chairman, 
Electric Company. 

Wm. Spraragen, Secretary, Engineer- 
ing Division, National Research 
Council. 

D. C. Alexander, Quasi-Arc Weldtrode 
Company. 

C. W. Bates, Philadelphia Electric 
Company. 

Wi. J. Beck, American Rolling Mill 
Company. 

Jack Churchward, Wilson Welder & 
Metals Company. 

S. Diggle, Homogeneous Construction 
Company. 

TOH Os bs Ewertz, Bethlehem Shipbuild- 
ing Company. 

F. Electrical 


Farmer, 
Laboratories. 

C. J. Holslag, Electric Arc Cutting & 
Welding Company. 

E. S. Hurd, Gibb Instrument Com- 
pany. 

O. A. Kenyon, Ray D. Lillibridge, Inc. 


General 


Testing 


af are Pipa Lincoln Electric Com- 


F. PP. yMicKibben, Union College. 
Wi. H. Namack, Davidson & Namack 


Company. 

O. T. Nelson, General Boilers Com- 
pany 

iat 0. ‘Noble, General Electric Com- 


pan 

M. J. “O Conrien: Federal Shipbuilding 
Company. 

J. W. Owens, Norfolk Navy Yard. 

W. H. Patterson, Westinghouse Elec- 
tric & Mfg. Co. 

Wm. Siebenmorgen, Consulting Engi- 
neer. 

A. W. Slocum, University of Vermont. 

W. A. Turbayne, U. S. Light & Heat 
Corporation. 

R. E. Wagner, General Blectric Com- 


pany. 

Gti inae Newport News S. B. & 

E. Wanamaker, Chicago, Rockland & 
Pacific R. R. 


Gas Welding: 


S. W. Miller, Chairman, Rochester 
Wielding Works. 

F. S. Austin, Carbo Hydrogen Co. of 
America. 

W. J. Beck, American Rolling Mill Co. 

Wee Mie Becket, Electro-Metallurgical 


Co. 
H. J. Groh, Davis-Bournonville Co. 
R. S. Johnston, Bureau of Standards, 
_ Div. VII—1. 


C. A. McCune, Page Steel & Wire Co. 
F. J. Napolitan, Davis-Bournonville 


Co: 

W. L. Senhert, Chicago Welded Prod- 
ucts Co. 

H. S. Smith, Prest-O-Lite Co., Ine 

H. I. Walsh, Newport News Shipbuild- 
ing & Dry Dock Company. 


~@ 


THE AMERICAN BUREAU OF Were 23 


Welding oenteranen: : 


A. S. Kinsey, Chairman, Stevens Insti- 
tute of Technology. 

A. M. Candy, Secretary, Westinghouse 
Electric & Mfg. Company. 

C. A. Adams, Harvard University. 

4 fahan Ok Anderson, Davis Bournonville 
Company 

W. H. Biccear: Page Steel & Wire 
Company. 

J. H. Deppeler, Metal & Thermit Cor- 
poration. 
. A. Hannah, Wilson Welder & 
Metals Company. 


J. C. Lincoln, Lincoln Electric Com- 


pany. 

Victor Mauck, John Wood Manufac- 
ing Company. 

O. T. Nelson, General Boilers Com- 
pany 

Wm. Siebenmorgen, Consulting Engi- 
nee 

H. S. "Smith, Prest-O-Lite Company. 

A. T. Snow, John Wood Manufactur- 
ing Company. 

R..E. Wagner, General Electric Com- 
pany. 


Welding of Storage Tanks: 


J. C. Lincoln, Chairman, Lincoln Elec- 
tric Company. 

James Burke, Burke Electric Com- 
pany 

A. M. ‘Canady, Westinghouse Elec. & 
Mfe. Co. 

S. Diggle, Homogeneous Construction 
Company. 

F. L. Fairbanks, Quincy Market Cold 
DS pha & Warehouse Co. 

C. Fyke, Standard Oil Company. 

4 F. Hill, Electric Cast Steel Welding 

Company. 


E. L. Hirt, Welding Engineer. 

A. S. Kinsey, Stevens Institute of 
Technology. 

P. J. McGrath, Standard Oil Company. 

S. W. Miller, Rochester Welding 
Works. 

Cc. J. Nyquist, Carbic Manufacturing 
Company. 

J. W. Owens, Norfolk Navy Yard. 

H. S. Smith, Prest-O-Lite Company. 

R. E. Wagner, General Electric Com- 
pany. 


Welding Wire Specifications: 


C. A. McCune, Chairman, Page Steel 
& Wire Company. 

D. C. Alexander, Quasi Arc Weldtrode 
Company. 

Beck, American Rolling Mill 

Company. 

Jack Churchward, Wilson Welder & 
Metals Company. 

O. H. Eschholz, Westinghouse Electric 
& Mfg. Co. 

J. J. Flaherty, Boston Elevated Rail- 
way Co. 

C. J. Holsiag, Electric Arc Cutting & 
Welding Company. 

H. J. Horn, J. A. Roebling’s Sons & Co. 

A. §S. Kinsey, Stevens Institute of 
Technology. 


H. G. Knox, Winchester Repeating 
Arms Company. 
Hermann Lemp, General Electric Com- 


pany. 
J. F. Lincoln, Lincoln Electric Com- 


pany. i 

S. W. Miller, Rochester Welding 
Works. 

Cc. J. Nyquist, Carbic Manufacturing 
Company. 

J. W. Owens, Norfolk Navy Yard. 

H. I. Walsh, Newport News S. B. 
Cor 

E. Wanamaker, Chicago, Rock Island 
& Pacific R. R. 

H. L. Whittemore, Bureau of Stand- 
ards. 


Standard Tests for Welds: 


F. M. Farmer, Chairman, Electrical 
Testing Laboratories. 

Ww. Beck, American Rolling Mill 
Company 

Sys Miller, Rochester Welding 
Works. 


R. E. Wagner, General Electric Com- 


pany. 
H. L. Whittemore, Bureau of Stand- 
ards. 


Training of Operators: 


Wm. Spraragen, Chairman, Engineer- 
ing Division, National Research 
Council. 

O. H. Eschholz, Westinghouse Elec- 
tric & Mfg. Co. 

Cc. S. Graef, Baltimore & Ohio R. R. 

G. E. Harke, Davis-Bournonville Com- 
pany 
; Ww. Miller, Rochester Welding 
Works. 


J. W. Owens, Norfolk Navy Yard. 

B. C. Tracey, General Electric Com- 
pany. 

H. I. Ab ee Newport News S. B. & 
j BS BS 

Joseph bese ely General Electric Com- 
pany. 

J. C. Wright, Federal Board of Voca- 
tional Education. 


Specifications for Stee! to Be Welded: 


W. J. Beck, Chairman, American Roll- 
ing Mill Company. 

S; G.. Child, Baldwin Locomotive 
Works. 

W. A. Cooper, Alan-Wood Iron Com- 


pany. 

B. F. Kenney, Midvale Steel & Ord- 
nance Company. 

T. D. Lynch, Westinghouse Blectric & 
Mfg. Co. 


J. H. Nead, American Rolling Mill 
Company. 

F. N. Speller, National Tube Company. 

Wm. Spraragen, Engineering Division, 
National Research Council. 

H. L. Whittemore, Bureau of Stand- 


ards. 
H. V. Wille, Baldwin Locomotive 


Works. 


24 


3 0112 072920272 


THE AMERICAN BUREAU OF WELDING 


Resistance Welding: 


Hermann Lemp, Chairman, General 
Electric Company. 

Cc. W. Bates, Philadelphia Electric 
Company. 

J. E. Chamberlin, Federal Machine & 
Welder Company. 

E. F. Collins, General Electric Com- 
pany. 

A. F. deForest, American Chain Com- 
pany. 

B. J. Henke, American Electric Fusion 
Corporation. 


H. lL. McCreery, Standard Parts Com- 
pany. 

ate pees Westinghouse Electric & 

Ww. § Moody, General Electric Com- 
pany 

pal We Osborne, American Car & Foun- 
dry Company. 

Walcott Remington, Thompson Elec- 
tric Welding Company. 

Malcolm Thomson, General Electric 
Company. 

H. W. Tobey, General Electric Com- 
pany. 


Thermit Welding: 


J. H. Deppeler, 


Chairman, Metal & 


Thermit Corporation. 
H. J. Cox, Lloyds Register of Shipping. 


John Martin, 
Shipping. 


American Bureau of 


Welded Rail Joint Committee: 


G. K. Burgess, Chairman, Division of 
Metallurgy, Bureau of Standards. 

E. M. T. Ryder, Vice-Chairman, Third 
Avenue Railway System. 

wm. Spraragen, Secretary, Engineer- 
ing Division, National Research 
Council. 

F. E. Abbott, Lackawanna Steel Co. 

EK. O. Ackerman, Columbus Railway 
Power & Light Company. 

Cc. A. Adams, Harvard University. 

Alexander Churchward, Wilson Welder 
& Metals Company. 

R. C. Cram, Brooklyn Rapid Transit 
Company. 

H. A. Currie, New York Central Rail- 
road Company. 

R. H. Dalgleish, Capital Traction Co. 

i feats & Deppeler, Metal & Thermit Cor- 
poration. 

G. C. Estill, New Orleans Railway & 
Light Company. 

D. D. Ewing, Purdue University. 

Howard K. George, Public Service 
Railway Co. 

H. M. Gould, Department of Street 
Railways, City of Detroit. 

John H. Hanna, Capital Traction Co. 

H. F. A. Kleinschmidt, Lorain Steel 
Company. 


Cc. S. Kimball, Washington Railway & 
Elect. Co. 

Cc. F. Lederer, Metal & Thermit Cor- 
poration. 

Fi pare 6 ae Lincoln Electric Com- 


Bot A “Mcllraith, Philadelphia. Rapid 
Transit Company. 

H.C. Ae Indianapolis Switch and 
Frog 

Js kK 


pany. 

G. W. Smith, San Antonio Public 
Service Company. 

Ww. C. Starkey, Ohio Brass Company. 

H. M. Steward, Boston Elevated Rail- 


way Company. 
E. Vom Steeg, General Electric Com- 


pany. 
SASS. WEY American Railways Com- 


Pundertord: Connecticut Com- 


pany 
F. A. " Weymouth, Bethlehem Steel 
Company. 


H. are Whittemore, Bureau of Stand- 
a 

G. L. Wilson, Minneapolis Street Rail- 
way Company. 

Jonathan Wolfe, 
Lines. 

WwW. W. Wrysor, United Railways & 
Electric Company. 


Chicago Surface 


